The human brainstem comprises three connected parts: the midbrain, pons, and medulla, each composed of numerous axonal tracts (white matter), cranial nerve nuclei, and noncranial nerve brainstem ...
Salk Institute researchers discovered a brain circuit connecting the anterior cingulate cortex, pons and medulla, enabling voluntary breathing regulation. This circuit slows breathing and reduces ...
A 68 year-old woman was admitted with complaints of nausea, vomiting and right sided weakness. Within four hours, she was quadriplegic and could not speak. However, she could look up on command. An ...